Friday 13 July 2018

Establishing the Muslim Government

The world has experimented with monarchy, capitalism, communism, democracy, and other forms and systems of government. 

The Quran provides clear guidance on matters which are critical, so that we can choose the best course of action, and are not left to choosing from different opinions and systems devised by people. 

The Quranic system was implemented in the city-state of Medina and then extended all around to a large area, replacing diverse forms of governments, successfully implemented in many cities. 

If the Muslim rule, as established by our dear Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was the perfect state and the perfect way to govern, then we already have a precedent: 

  1. it is possible to implement, 
  2. and it works! 



Empire of the Rāshidūn Caliphate at its peak under the third rāshidūn caliph ʿUthmān (654 CE)
Map Attribution: By Mohammad adil at the English-language Wikipedia, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5031572






Last updated on: July 2, 2024

Tuesday 10 July 2018

Permission to Fight Defensive Wars


إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُدَافِعُ عَنِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ كُلَّ خَوَّانٍ كَفُورٍ
أُذِنَ لِلَّذِينَ يُقَاتَلُونَ بِأَنَّهُمْ ظُلِمُوا وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَىٰ نَصْرِهِمْ لَقَدِيرٌ
الَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا مِن دِيَارِهِم بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ إِلَّا أَن يَقُولُوا رَبُّنَا اللَّهُ وَلَوْلَا دَفْعُ اللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُم بِبَعْضٍ لَّهُدِّمَتْ صَوَامِعُ وَبِيَعٌ وَصَلَوَاتٌ وَمَسَاجِدُ يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا اسْمُ اللَّهِ كَثِيرًا وَلَيَنصُرَنَّ اللَّهُ مَن يَنصُرُهُ إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَقَوِيٌّ عَزِيزٌ
الَّذِينَ إِن مَّكَّنَّاهُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتَوُا الزَّكَاةَ وَأَمَرُوا بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَنَهَوْا عَنِ الْمُنكَرِ وَلِلَّهِ عَاقِبَةُ الْأُمُورِ

Indeed, Allah defends those who have believed. Indeed, Allah does not like everyone treacherous and ungrateful.
Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought, because they were wronged. And indeed, Allah is competent to give them victory.
[They are] those who have been evicted from their homes without right - only because they say, "Our Lord is Allah ." And were it not that Allah checks the people, some by means of others, there would have been demolished monasteries, churches, synagogues, and mosques in which the name of Allah is much mentioned. And Allah will surely support those who support Him. Indeed, Allah is Powerful and Exalted in Might.
[And they are] those who, if We give them authority in the land, establish prayer and give zakah and enjoin what is right and forbid what is wrong. And to Allah belongs the outcome of [all] matters.
[Al-Quran 22:38-41, Translation: Sahih International] 

In our terrorism-riddled world, and emotional speeches exhorting Muslims to take the law in their hands, it is important to revisit ayat 39 of Surah al-Hajj in The Quran which permits Muslims to go to battle. Only those who are being fought, and suffering injustice, may battle their aggressors.  

The Quran is consistent across its text:   
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Defence Budget of Muslim Countries



وَأَعِدُّوا لَهُم مَّا اسْتَطَعْتُم مِّن قُوَّةٍ وَمِن رِّبَاطِ الْخَيْلِ تُرْهِبُونَ بِهِ عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ وَعَدُوَّكُمْ وَآخَرِينَ مِن دُونِهِمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَهُمُ اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُهُمْ وَمَا تُنفِقُوا مِن شَيْءٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ يُوَفَّ إِلَيْكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لَا تُظْلَمُونَ

And prepare against them whatever you are able of power and of steeds of war by which you may terrify the enemy of Allah and your enemy and others besides them whom you do not know [but] whom Allah knows. And whatever you spend in the cause of Allah will be fully repaid to you, and you will not be wronged. 
[Al-Quran 8:60, Translation: Sahih International]

As a nation, we know some nations are our enemies, trying to harm us through overt or covert operations. There are others who have not yet shown their true face. We may think of them as friends, but Allah knows exactly who the enemies are. The Quran ordered the Prophet to be prepared, to be able to defend, and also as a deterrent! 

Important to note in the above quoted ayat are the following points: 
  1. prepare enough so that the military might is terrifying!  
  2. the enemies of Muslims are actually the enemies of Allah!  
  3. not every enemy is known to the Muslims; some haven't yet shown their true face! 
  4. Allah knows who the enemies are!
  5. Allah Himself is warning and ordering the prophet to be prepared!  
  6. it will be repaid in full!   
  7. no injustice will be done!  

Points 6 & 7 are promises made by Allah, and Allah always keeps His promises! Defence budgets may seem very costly, especially when the resources are meagre, but it will be repaid in full. Allah has promised full compensation and absolute justice on the Day of Judgment. This world is a place of temporary trial, and the Hereafter a place of eternal consequences. 

Reading the above ayat in context (eighth ruku of the eighth surah: alAnfal)  

وَلَا يَحْسَبَنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا سَبَقُوا إِنَّهُمْ لَا يُعْجِزُونَ
وَأَعِدُّوا لَهُم مَّا اسْتَطَعْتُم مِّن قُوَّةٍ وَمِن رِّبَاطِ الْخَيْلِ تُرْهِبُونَ بِهِ عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ وَعَدُوَّكُمْ وَآخَرِينَ مِن دُونِهِمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَهُمُ اللَّهُ يَعْلَمُهُمْ وَمَا تُنفِقُوا مِن شَيْءٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ يُوَفَّ إِلَيْكُمْ وَأَنتُمْ لَا تُظْلَمُونَ
وَإِن جَنَحُوا لِلسَّلْمِ فَاجْنَحْ لَهَا وَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ إِنَّهُ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ
وَإِن يُرِيدُوا أَن يَخْدَعُوكَ فَإِنَّ حَسْبَكَ اللَّهُ هُوَ الَّذِي أَيَّدَكَ بِنَصْرِهِ وَبِالْمُؤْمِنِينَ
وَأَلَّفَ بَيْنَ قُلُوبِهِمْ لَوْ أَنفَقْتَ مَا فِي الْأَرْضِ جَمِيعًا مَّا أَلَّفْتَ بَيْنَ قُلُوبِهِمْ وَلَٰكِنَّ اللَّهَ أَلَّفَ بَيْنَهُمْ إِنَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ حَسْبُكَ اللَّهُ وَمَنِ اتَّبَعَكَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ

And let not those who disbelieve think they will escape. Indeed, they will not cause failure [to Allah].
And prepare against them whatever you are able of power and of steeds of war by which you may terrify the enemy of Allah and your enemy and others besides them whom you do not know [but] whom Allah knows. And whatever you spend in the cause of Allah will be fully repaid to you, and you will not be wronged.
And if they incline to peace, then incline to it [also] and rely upon Allah . Indeed, it is He who is the Hearing, the Knowing.
But if they intend to deceive you - then sufficient for you is Allah . It is He who supported you with His help and with the believers
And brought together their hearts. If you had spent all that is in the earth, you could not have brought their hearts together; but Allah brought them together. Indeed, He is Exalted in Might and Wise.
O Prophet, sufficient for you is Allah and for whoever follows you of the believers.
[Al-Quran 8:59-64, Translation: Sahih International]

It is important to note here that the call for war, and to prepare thus is the responsibility of the Head of State and the government. The citizens respond to the call and make the necessary preparations and sacrifices. Our dear Prophet was the Head of State of the City-State of Medina (old name: Yasrab). 

The Muslim world is beset with many internal and external challenges. There are many Muslims suffering war and extermination due to the aggression of non-Muslims against them. In spite of the huge number of Muslims and their collective wealth, we are unable to defend our fellow-Muslims or even deter the enemy. 

With the passage of time, it is becoming increasingly clear that the beliefs regarding the final battle of believers against the non-believers is imminent. A great battle in the Middle East seems to be brewing. We do not know whether we will witness the final battle in our lifetime, or if this is a prelude to what is to come. However, we will be held responsible for our role in the comity of nations! Even if we are bound by international treaties and internal constraints to not be able to defend fellow Muslims militarily, we must continue to prepare and be prepared to at least be a deterrent force, which inspires awe and fear in the hearts of the enemies of Allah. 

Please also read: 
Abstract 
According to the verses of the Quran: the Arab Prophet-Messenger Muhammad, born and raised in the Arab major city of Makkah, speaking the native Arab language, and warning with a scripture revealed in Arabic, all together seem to be pointing to a major prophecy for the Middle East: the battle between the believers in the one true God and the followers of Satan, and the eventual triumph of Truth. 

Abstract
Allah keeps His promises, and expects the same from us. The Quran mentions the covenant and from whom it has been taken. It also details the ratification of the covenant and the consequences of keeping or breaking it.       


Monday 2 July 2018

Human Injustices & Divine Justice


وَمَا كَانَ رَبُّكَ لِيُهْلِكَ الْقُرَىٰ بِظُلْمٍ وَأَهْلُهَا مُصْلِحُونَ

In truth thy Lord destroyed not the townships tyrannously while their folk were doing right.
[Al-Quran 11:117, Translation: M M Pickthal]

Nor would thy Lord be the One to destroy communities for a single wrong-doing, if its members were likely to mend.
[Al-Quran 11:117, Translation: Yusuf Ali]

Your Lord would not have destroyed those people (of the towns) for their injustice if they had tried to reform themselves.
[Al-Quran 11:117, Translation: Muhammad Sarwar]

And your Lord would not have destroyed the cities unjustly while their people were reformers.
[Al-Quran 11:117, Translation: Sahih International]


Are we willing to reform ourselves and our society? Will we establish justice? Will we prove ourselves responsible and worthy of the gift of independence? Will we believe?!?!?!?     



National Wealth & its Custodians


وَالسَّارِقُ وَالسَّارِقَةُ فَاقْطَعُوا أَيْدِيَهُمَا جَزَاءً بِمَا كَسَبَا نَكَالًا مِّنَ اللَّهِ
 وَاللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ

And (for) the male thief and the female thief - [then] cut off their hands (as) a recompense for what they earned (as) an exemplary (punishment) from Allah. 
And Allah (is) All-Mighty, All-Wise.
[Al-Quran 5:38]


Our political history is replete with pre-election promises and post-election misuse of public funds! 

The Quran orders an exemplary punishment which, if executed, has the potential to:
  1. bring the corrupt looters to justice; crippling them as they have crippled the nation
  2. prevent similar people from aspiring for the public offices, as the risks far outweigh the benefits 
  3. deter future holders of public office from misusing public funds! 

May Allah grant our judiciary the courage and confidence to judge by what has been revealed, so that we may prosper. Aameen.