As'hab il Quboor
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَتَوَلَّوْا۟ قَوْمًا غَضِبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَدْ يَئِسُوا۟ مِنَ ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ
كَمَا يَئِسَ ٱلْكُفَّارُ مِنْ أَصْحَـٰبِ ٱلْقُبُورِ ١٣
O believers! Do not ally yourselves with a people Allah is displeased with. They already have no hope for the Hereafter, just like the disbelievers lying in ˹their˺ graves.
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, The Clear Quran
اے اہل ِایمان ! ان لوگوں کے ساتھ دوستی مت کرو جن پر اللہ کا غضب نازل ہوا ہے یہ لوگ آخرت سے مایوس ہوچکے ہیں جیسے کہ کفار مایوس ہوچکے ہیں اصحابِ قبور میں سے
— بیان القرآن (ڈاکٹر اسرار احمد)
The Quran mentions 'أَصْحَـٰبِ ٱلْقُبُورِ'. Looking up 'ٱلْقُبُورِ' in corpus.quran.com, the following is the search result across The Quran:
Verb (form IV) - to provide a grave
| (80:21:3) fa-aqbarahu | and provides a grave for him | ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُ فَأَقْبَرَهُ |
Noun
| (9:84:11) qabrihi | his grave | وَلَا تُصَلِّ عَلَىٰ أَحَدٍ مِنْهُمْ مَاتَ أَبَدًا وَلَا تَقُمْ عَلَىٰ قَبْرِهِ |
| (22:7:12) l-qubūri | the graves | وَأَنَّ السَّاعَةَ آتِيَةٌ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهَا وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْعَثُ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ |
| (35:22:16) l-qubūri | the graves | إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُسْمِعُ مَنْ يَشَاءُ وَمَا أَنْتَ بِمُسْمِعٍ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ |
| (60:13:19) l-qubūri | (of) the graves | قَدْ يَئِسُوا مِنَ الْآخِرَةِ كَمَا يَئِسَ الْكُفَّارُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْقُبُورِ |
| (82:4:2) l-qubūru | the graves | وَإِذَا الْقُبُورُ بُعْثِرَتْ |
| (100:9:7) l-qubūri | the graves | أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِي الْقُبُورِ |
Noun
| (102:2:3) l-maqābira | the graves | حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ الْمَقَابِرَ |
...
The grave is mentioned eight times in The Quran.
Looking up each ayat:
He Frowned (80:21)
ثُمَّ أَمَاتَهُۥ فَأَقْبَرَهُۥ ٢١
then causes them to die and be buried.[1]
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, The Clear Quran
[1] Burial is perceived as a way of honouring human beings after their death.
Then He causes his death and provides a grave for him.[1]
— Saheeh International
[1]- To conceal his decaying body.
پھر اسے موت دی اور قبر میں پہنچایا۔
— Fe Zilal al-Qur'an
پھر اس کو موت دی پھر قبر میں دفن کرایا
— Fatah Muhammad Jalandhari
پھر اس پر موت وارد کی اور اسے قبر میں داخل کردیا۔
— بیان القرآن (ڈاکٹر اسرار احمد)
پھر اس کو موت دی، پھر اس کو قبر میں لے گیا
— Maulana Wahiduddin Khan
Phir isey maut di aur qabr mei pahunchaya
— Abul Ala Maududi(Roman Urdu)
Tracing the origin of a human from semen, Surah Abasa draws attention of the ingrate human to how Allah created him, developed him, showed him the way, and how Allah grants him death and and interns him in a grave.
Almost nobody remembers their time in the wombs of the their mother, their birth, their early years. Yet, we are aware of the existence of the human sperm, the human embryo, the foetus, the child being born, the early years for the human baby.
Nobody knows what happens in the graves, yet we all witness people dying. We hope that when we die, our funeral rites will be performed, and we will be buried, the way taught by Allah's messengers and prophets.
The Quran describes, in some detail, the events which will follow after the dead are raised back to life, on the Day of Qiyamah.
Q80:21 was a verb form of the word for graves.
The rest of the ayaat in the search result are noun forms of the word for graves.
The first among the list is found in Surah atTaubah:
The Repentance (9:84)
وَلَا تُصَلِّ عَلَىٰٓ أَحَدٍۢ مِّنْهُم مَّاتَ أَبَدًۭا وَلَا تَقُمْ عَلَىٰ قَبْرِهِۦٓ ۖ إِنَّهُمْ كَفَرُوا۟ بِٱللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِۦ وَمَاتُوا۟ وَهُمْ فَـٰسِقُونَ ٨٤
And do not ever offer ˹funeral˺ prayers for any of their dead, nor stand by their grave ˹at burial˺, for they have lost faith in Allah and His Messenger and died rebellious.
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, The Clear Quran
And never offer a prayer on any one of them who dies, and do not stand by his grave. They disbelieved in Allah and His Messenger and died while they were sinners.
— T. Usmani
And do not pray [the funeral prayer, O Muḥammad], over any of them who has died - ever - or stand at his grave. Indeed, they disbelieved in Allāh and His Messenger and died while they were defiantly disobedient.
— Saheeh International
And never (O Muhammad) pray for one of them who dieth, nor stand by his grave. Lo! they disbelieved in Allah and His messenger, and they died while they were evil-doers.
— M. Pickthall
اور (اے پیغمبر) ان میں سے کوئی مر جائے تو کبھی اس (کے جنازے) پر نماز نہ پڑھنا اور نہ اس کی قبر پر (جا کر) کھڑے ہونا۔ یہ خدا اور اس کے رسول کے ساتھ کفر کرتے رہے اور مرے بھی نافرمان (ہی مرے)
— Fatah Muhammad Jalandhari
اور (اے نبی ﷺ ان میں سے کوئی مرجائے تو اس کی نماز جنازہ کبھی بھی ادا نہ کریں اور اس کی قبر پر بھی کھڑے نہ ہوں یقیناً انہوں نے کفر کیا ہے اللہ اور اس کے رسول ﷺ کے ساتھ اور وہ مرے ہیں اسی حال میں کہ وہ نافرمان تھے
— بیان القرآن (ڈاکٹر اسرار احمد)
اور ان میں سے جو کوئی مرجائے، اس پر تم کبھی نماز نہ پڑھو اور نہ اس کی قبر پر کھڑے ہو بے شک انھوں نے اللہ اور اس کے رسول کا انکار کیا اور وہ اس حال میں مرے کہ وہ نافرمان تھے
— Maulana Wahiduddin Khan
Aur aainda in mein se jo koi marey (die) uski namaz e janaza bhi tum hargiz na padhna aur na kabhi uski qabr par khade hona kyunke unhon ne Allah aur uske Rasool ke saath kufr kiya hai aur woh marey hain is haal mein ke woh fasiq thay
— Abul Ala Maududi(Roman Urdu)
Surah at-Taubah (The Repentance) is about Allah's Messenger announcing war, and then the Muslim State of Medina going to battle against the State of Makkah. The disbelievers, to whom the Prophet had been preaching for over two decades, inviting them to believe in Allah, were given the final notice.
Other battles were also fought, and campaigns undertaken, prior to the Fath of Makkah.
After the conquest of Makkah, there were reports of Byzantine threat in the north. A major campaign was undertaken to Tabuk. Most scholars take Q9:84 in that context.
Reading in context, the few ayaat before Q9:84 are commenting about the people in Medina who chose not to fight in the way of Allah and His Deen, when they were required to do so. Regarding such hypocrites, who defiantly disobeyed, choosing dunya over akhirah, the Messenger of Allah is being told to neither pray over their body, nor over their grave.
...
The next ayat in the search result which mentions the grave is in Surah al-Hajj:
The Pilgrimage (22:7)
وَأَنَّ ٱلسَّاعَةَ ءَاتِيَةٌۭ لَّا رَيْبَ فِيهَا وَأَنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَبْعَثُ مَن فِى ٱلْقُبُورِ ٧
And certainly the Hour is coming, there is no doubt about it. And Allah will surely resurrect those in the graves.
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, The Clear Quran
and that the Hour (of Doom) has to come, in which there is no doubt, and that Allah will raise again all those in the graves.
— T. Usmani
And [that they may know] that the Hour is coming - no doubt about it - and that Allāh will resurrect those in the graves.
— Saheeh International
7. And surely, the Hour is coming, there is no doubt about it; and certainly, Allâh will resurrect those who are in the graves.
— Al-Hilali & Khan
There is no doubt that the Last Hour is bound to come, nor that God will raise the dead from their graves,
— M.A.S. Abdel Haleem
(all of which shows that) the Hour shall surely come to pass - in this there is no doubt - and Allah shall surely resurrect those that are in graves.1
— A. Maududi (Tafhim commentary)
[1]In(Ayats 5-7), the effects of rain on the earth and the growth of vegetation and different stages of the life of man have been cited as pointers to five realities.
And because the Hour will come, there is no doubt thereof; and because Allah will raise those who are in the graves.
— M. Pickthall
And verily the Hour will come: there can be no doubt about it, or about (the fact) that Allah will raise up all who are in the graves.
— A. Yusuf Ali
اور یہ (اس بات کی دلیل ہے) کہ قیامت کی گھڑی آ کر رہے گی ، اس میں کوئی شک کی گنجائش نہیں ، اور اللہ ضرور ان لوگوں کو اٹھائے گا جو قبروں میں جا چکے ہیں
— Fe Zilal al-Qur'an
اور یہ کہ قیامت آنے والی ہے۔ اس میں کچھ شک نہیں۔ اور یہ کہ خدا سب لوگوں کو جو قبروں میں ہیں جلا اٹھائے گا
— Fatah Muhammad Jalandhari
اور یہ کہ قیامت قطعاً آنے والی ہے جس میں کوئی شک وشبہ نہیں اور یقیناً اللہ تعالیٰ قبروں والوں کو دوباره زنده فرمائے گا.
— Maulana Muhammad Junagarhi
اور یہ کہ قیامت آکر رہے گی اس میں کوئی شک نہیں اور یہ کہ اللہ اٹھائے گا ان کو جو قبروں میں ہیں
— بیان القرآن (ڈاکٹر اسرار احمد)
اور یہ کہ قیامت آنے والی ہے، اس میں کوئی شک نہیں اور اللہ ضرور ان لوگوں کو اٹھائے گا جو قبروں میں ہیں
— Maulana Wahiduddin Khan
Aur yeh (is baat ki daleel hai) ke qayamat ki ghadi aakar rahegi, is mein kisi shakk ki gunjaish nahin, aur Allah zaroor un logon ko uthayega jo qabaron mein jaa chuke hain
— Abul Ala Maududi(Roman Urdu)
Surah al-Hajj (The Pilgrimage) begins with the news that the earthquake of the Promised Hour (السَّاعَةِ) is a terrible thing. The seventh ayat reiterates that indeed the the Promised Hour (ٱلسَّاعَةَ) is approaching, there is no doubt about it. The people, who have gone in their graves, will indeed be raised up.
...
The next mention of graves occurs in Surah Fatir. As studied in a previous post, 'Fatir' means 'separator'.
However, most translators translate the word as creator / originator:
Originator (35:22)
وَمَا يَسْتَوِى ٱلْأَحْيَآءُ وَلَا ٱلْأَمْوَٰتُ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُسْمِعُ مَن يَشَآءُ ۖ وَمَآ أَنتَ بِمُسْمِعٍۢ مَّن فِى ٱلْقُبُورِ ٢٢
And the living and the dead are not alike. Allah makes to hear whomsoever He wills. And you cannot make to hear those who are in the graves.
— T. Usmani
And not equal are the living and the dead. Indeed, Allāh causes to hear whom He wills, but you cannot make hear those in the graves.[1]
— Saheeh International
[1]- The four comparisons given by Allāh (subḥānahu wa taʿālā) in verses 19-22 are those of the believer and unbeliever, various kinds of misbelief and (true) belief, Paradise and Hellfire, and those receptive to guidance and those unreceptive.
nor are the living and the dead. God makes anyone He wills hear [His message]: you cannot make those in their graves hear.
— M.A.S. Abdel Haleem
nor are the living and the dead alike.1 Allah makes to hear whomsoever He wishes, but you, (O Prophet), cannot cause to hear those who are in their graves.2
— A. Maududi (Tafhim commentary)
[1]That is, as for the powers of Allah, they are unlimited. He can even make the stones to hear. But it is not within the power of the Messenger to make those people to listen to him whose consciences have become dead and whose ears deaf to every call to the truth. He can only make those people to hear him, who are inclined to listen to every reasonable thing.
[2]In these comparisons the present and the future of a believer and a disbeliever have been contrasted. There is a person who has closed his eyes to the realities and does not care to see as to what truth the whole system of the universe and his own existence itself are pointing. There is the other person, whose eyes are open and who clearly sees that everything outside and inside himself bears evidence to the Unity of God and to man’s answerability before him. There is a person, who is wandering blindly in the superstitions of ignorance and the darkness of presumptions and speculations, and is not inclined to benefit by the light of the candle lit by the Prophet. There is the other person, whose eyes are open and who, as soon as the light spread by the Prophet appears before him, comes to realize that all the ways being followed by the polytheists and the disbelievers and the atheists lead to destruction, and the way to success is only that which has been shown by the Messenger of God. Now how can it be possible that the attitude of the two persons be the same in the world and the two may follow one and the same path together? And how can this also be possible, either that the two should meet the same end and should both end up in the dust after death? Neither should one be punished for his wrongdoings, nor the other be rewarded for his righteous conduct. The sentence, “the cool shade and the heat of the sun are not alike” points to the same fate. The one will be provided shelter under the shade of Allah’s mercy and the other will burn in the fire of Hell. Thus, the notions that the two will ultimately meet the same end, is utterly false. In the end, the believer has been likened to the living and the stubborn disbeliever to the dead. That is, the believer is he whose feeling, understanding and perception are alive and whose conscience is making him aware of the distinction between the good and the evil every moment. Contrary to this, the person who has been, wholly lost in the prejudices of disbelief is even worse than the blind person who is wandering about in darkness. Nay, he is like a dead person who has no sense or feeling left in him.
Nor are the living equal with the dead. Lo! Allah maketh whom He will to hear. Thou canst not reach those who are in the graves.
— M. Pickthall
Nor are alike those that are living and those that are dead. Allah can make any that He wills to hear; but thou canst not make those to hear who are (buried) in graves.
— A. Yusuf Ali
اور نہ زندے اور مردے مساوی ہیں “۔ اللہ جسے چاہتا ہے ، سنواتا ہے ، مگر (اے نبی ﷺ تم ان لوگوں کو نہیں سنا سکتے جو قبروں میں مدفون ہیں۔
— Fe Zilal al-Qur'an
اور نہ زندے اور مردے برابر ہوسکتے ہیں۔ خدا جس کو چاہتا ہے سنا دیتا ہے۔ اور تم ان کو جو قبروں میں مدفون ہیں نہیں سنا سکتے
— Fatah Muhammad Jalandhari
اور نہ برابر ہوسکتے ہیں زندہ اور مردہ لوگ } یقینا اللہ سناتا ہے جس کو چاہتا ہے اور (اے نبی ﷺ !) آپ نہیں سنا سکتے انہیں جو قبروں کے اندر ہیں
— بیان القرآن (ڈاکٹر اسرار احمد)
Aur na zinde aur murde musavi (barabar) hain. Allah jisey chahta hai sunwata (hear) hai, magar (aey Nabi) tum un logon ko nahin suna sakte ho qabaron mein madfoon hain
— Abul Ala Maududi(Roman Urdu)
اور زندہ اور مردہ برابر نہیں ہوسکتےبے شک اللہ سناتا ہے جس کو وہ چاہتا ہے اور تم ان کو سنانے والے نہیں بن سکتے جو قبروں میں ہیں
— Maulana Wahiduddin Khan
Surah Fatir begins with the information that Allah is the Fatir (separator) of the skies and earth. Only Allah can, and He did bring into effect that separation, and it is He who withholds them both. If He did not do so, there is no one other than Him who can keep them in their existing state (35:41).
Q35:11 points out that Allah has created humans from dust.
Allah, the Fatir, can make everything hear. Humans have not been given such powers. So, the Prophet ﷺ is being told that he ﷺ can only warn those who are still alive, fear their unseen Lord, and establish prayer.
Q35:37 relates a scene form the Hereafter. It quotes the kuffar's desperate plea when they will be faced with the punishment, and the response will be that: '...But did We not grant you life enough for whoever would remember therein to remember, and the warner had come to you? So taste [the punishment], for there is not for the wrongdoers any helper.' [Translation: Saheeh International]
...
The next ayat which mentions graves is in Surah al-Mumtahanah (She who is to be examined), quoted at the beginning of this post:
She that is to be examined (60:13)
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ لَا تَتَوَلَّوْا۟ قَوْمًا غَضِبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ قَدْ يَئِسُوا۟ مِنَ ٱلْـَٔاخِرَةِ
كَمَا يَئِسَ ٱلْكُفَّارُ مِنْ أَصْحَـٰبِ ٱلْقُبُورِ ١٣
O believers! Do not ally yourselves with a people Allah is displeased with. They already have no hope for the Hereafter, just like the disbelievers lying in ˹their˺ graves.
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, The Clear Quran
O you who believe, do not have friendship with a people with whom Allah is angry. They have despaired from the Hereafter as the infidels have despaired from those (buried) in the graves.
— T. Usmani
O you who have believed, do not make allies of a people with whom Allāh has become angry. They have despaired of [reward in] the Hereafter just as the disbelievers have despaired of [meeting] the companions [i.e., inhabitants] of the graves.
— Saheeh International
O ye who believe! Be not friendly with a folk with whom Allah is wroth, (a folk) who have despaired of the Hereafter as the disbelievers despair of those who are in the graves.
— M. Pickthall
اے لوگوں جو ایمان لائے ہو ، ان لوگوں کو دوست نہ بنایو ، جن پر اللہ نے غضب فرمایا ہے ، جو آخرت سے اسی طرح مایوس ہیں جس طرح قبروں میں پڑے ہوئے کافر مایوس ہیں “۔
— Fe Zilal al-Qur'an
مومنو! ان لوگوں سے جن پر خدا غصے ہوا ہے دوستی نہ کرو (کیونکہ) جس طرح کافروں کو مردوں (کے جی اُٹھنے) کی امید نہیں اسی طرح ان لوگوں کو بھی آخرت (کے آنے) کی امید نہیں
— Fatah Muhammad Jalandhari
اے اہل ِایمان ! ان لوگوں کے ساتھ دوستی مت کرو جن پر اللہ کا غضب نازل ہوا ہے یہ لوگ آخرت سے مایوس ہوچکے ہیں جیسے کہ کفار مایوس ہوچکے ہیں اصحابِ قبور میں سے
— بیان القرآن (ڈاکٹر اسرار احمد)
اے ایمان والو مت دوستی کرو اُن لوگوں سے کہ غصہ ہوا ہے اللہ اُن پر [1] وہ آس توڑ چکے ہیں پچھلے گھر سے جیسے آس توڑی منکروں نے قبر والوں سے [2]
— Shaykh al-Hind Mahmud al-Hasan(with Tafsir E Usmani)
[1]کفار کی مایوسی:یعنی منکروں کو توقع نہیں کہ قبر سے کوئی اٹھیگا اور پھر دوسری زندگی میں ایک دوسرے سے ملیں گے۔ یہ کافر بھی ویسے ہی ناامید ہیں۔ (تنبیہ) بعض مفسرین کے نزدیک مِنْ اَصْحٰبِ الْقُبُوْرِ کفار کا بیان ہے یعنی جس طرح کافر جو قبر میں پہنچ چکے وہاں کا حال دیکھ کر اللہ کی مہربانی اور خوشنودی سے بالکلیہ مایوس ہوچکے ہیں اسی طرح یہ کافر بھی آخرت کی طرف سے مایوس ہیں۔
تم سورۃ الممتحنہ۔
[2]اللہ کے دشمنوں سے دوستی کی ممانعت:شروع سورت میں جو مضمون تھا، خاتمہ پر پھر یاد دلادیا یعنی مؤمن کی شان نہیں کہ جس پر خدا ناراض ہو اس سے دوستی اور رفاقت کا معاملہ کرے۔ جس پر خدا کا غصہ ہو، خدا کے دوستوں کا بھی غصہ ہونا چاہیئے۔
Aey logon jo iman laye ho, un logon ko dost na banao jinpar Allah ne gazab farmaya hai, Jo aakhirat se usi tarah mayous hain jis tarah kabaron mein padey huey kafir mayous hain
— Abul Ala Maududi(Roman Urdu)
The last ayat of Surah al-Mumtahanah concludes on the statement that the kuffar (rejectors/disbelievers) have lost hope who are in their graves. This probably means that once this life is over, and the person enters the state of death, they realise that they have wasted the opportunity granted to them to believe in their Lord. Now, that their lifetime upon Earth is over, under it they know that their fate is bleak.
In this world, we see elaborate funerary rites of some of the disbelievers. Among ancient tombs, one can see that those who believed in an afterlife were buried with 'material' items to be of use to them when they move on. However, all those things taken to the graves, remain useless to the dead.
The Quran is quite clear that it is our deeds that go with us. Our record of the spoken and the done.
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The next mention of graves is in Surah al-Infitar:
The Cleaving (82:4)
وَإِذَا ٱلْقُبُورُ بُعْثِرَتْ ٤
and when the graves spill out,
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, The Clear Quran
and when the graves will be overturned,
— T. Usmani
And when the [contents of] graves are scattered [i.e., exposed],
— Saheeh International
4. And when the graves are turned upside down (and bring out their contents)
— Al-Hilali & Khan
when graves turn inside out:
— M.A.S. Abdel Haleem
and when graves are laid open,1
— A. Maududi (Tafhim commentary)
[1]In the first three verses, the first stage of the Resurrection has been mentioned and in this verse the second stage is being described. Opening of the graves implies resurrection of the dead.
And the sepulchres are overturned,
— M. Pickthall
And when the Graves are turned upside down;-
— A. Yusuf Ali
اور جب قبریں کھول دی جائیں گی ،
— Fe Zilal al-Qur'an
اور جب قبریں کھول دی جائیں گی، 1
— Tafheem e Qur'an - Syed Abu Ali Maududi
[1]پہلی تین آیتوں میں قیامت کے پہلے مرحلے کا ذکر ہے اور اس آیت میں دوسرا مرحلہ بیان کیا گیا ہے۔ قبروں کو کھولے جانے سے مراد لوگوں کا ازسر نو زندہ کر کے اٹھایا جانا ہے۔
اور جب قبریں اکھیڑ دی جائیں گی
— Fatah Muhammad Jalandhari
اور جب قبریں (شق کر کے) اکھاڑ دی جائیں گی.[1]
— Maulana Muhammad Junagarhi
[1]یعنی قبروں سے مردے زندہ ہو کر باہر نکل آئیں گے۔ بُعْثِرَتْ، اکھیڑ دی جائیں گی، یا ان کی مٹی پلٹ دی جائے گی۔
اور جب قبریں تلپٹ کردی جائیں گی۔
— بیان القرآن (ڈاکٹر اسرار احمد)
اور جب قبریں زیروزبر کر دی جائیں [1]
— Shaykh al-Hind Mahmud al-Hasan(with Tafsir E Usmani)
[1]قبریں الٹ پلٹ ہو جائیں گی:یعنی جو چیز زمین کی تہہ میں تھی اُوپر آجائے اور مردے قبروں سے نکالے جائیں۔
اور جب قبریں کھول دی جائیں گی
— Maulana Wahiduddin Khan
Aur jab qabrein khol di jayengi
— Abul Ala Maududi(Roman Urdu)
The name of the surah: 'Infitar', shares the same root as Fatir. While I understand 'Fatir' to mean separator, 'infitar' means to separate or cleave, that is remove or separate along the natural lines. Very aptly this word describes what will be happening when a human's dust is being separated from the rest of the dust in the grave, and then the human dust is reconstituted into the living human.
The next ayat states that on that Day, every 'nafs' will know what it sent forth and what it kept back.
Our nafs is in pledge. The body that gets its 'nafs' reinstalled will be sent on to the promised Gardens of Eternity. Not everybody will be so blessed. Those who lose their 'nafs' and their families on that Day, they will suffer the most depriving loss. We have been pre-warned.
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The next mention of graves is in Surah al-'Adiyat:
The Courser (100:9)
۞ أَفَلَا يَعْلَمُ إِذَا بُعْثِرَ مَا فِى ٱلْقُبُورِ ٩
Do they not know that when the contents of the graves will be spilled out,
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, The Clear Quran
But does he not know that when the contents of the graves are scattered
— Saheeh International
Does he not know that when the contents of graves burst forth,
— M.A.S. Abdel Haleem
Knoweth he not that, when the contents of the graves are poured forth
— M. Pickthall
تو کیا وہ اس وقت کو نہیں جانتا جب قبروں میں جو کچھ (مدفون) ہے اسے نکال لیاجائے ،
— Fe Zilal al-Qur'an
کیا وہ اس وقت کو نہیں جانتا کہ جو( مردے) قبروں میں ہیں وہ باہر نکال لیے جائیں گے
— Fatah Muhammad Jalandhari
تو کیا وہ اس وقت کو نہیں جانتا جب نکال لیا جائے گا وہ سب کچھ جو قبروں میں ہے۔
— بیان القرآن (ڈاکٹر اسرار احمد)
کیا وہ اس وقت کو نہیں جانتا جب وہ قبروں سے نکالا جائے گا
— Maulana Wahiduddin Khan
Surah al-'Adiyat speaks of the ingratitude of the human towards his Lord, and his being a witness to it.
Humans love 'khair' passionately. They want good. The question is, do they not know that their graves will be opened, and everything taken out, including the dead? Including the secrets that are in their breasts?
In this world, we hear about grave-robbers laying open the graves and extracting / looting stuff from it. Sometimes, the remains of the dead body are also taken out. Yet, the dead cannot be revived. However, when Allah brings about the Promised Day, and removes the dead from their graves, they will be brought back to life.
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The last mention of graves is in Surah al-Takathur:
The Rivalry in world increase (102:2)
حَتَّىٰ زُرْتُمُ ٱلْمَقَابِرَ ٢
until you end up in ˹your˺ graves.[1]
— Dr. Mustafa Khattab, The Clear Quran
[1] lit., visited the graves, since the stay in the grave is brief, followed by eternal life either in Paradise or Hell.
until you reach the graves.
— T. Usmani
Until you visit the graveyards.[1]
— Saheeh International
[1]- i.e., remain in them temporarily, meaning until the Day of Resurrection.
2. Until you visit the graves (i.e. till you die).
— Al-Hilali & Khan
until you go into your graves.
— M.A.S. Abdel Haleem
until you reach your graves.1
— A. Maududi (Tafhim commentary)
[1]That is, you spend your whole life in the same craze and endeavor, until the time comes when you must die and leave the world.
Until ye come to the graves.
— M. Pickthall
Until ye visit the graves.
— A. Yusuf Ali
یہاں تک کہ (اسی فکر میں) تم لب گور تک پہنچ جاتے ہو “۔
— Fe Zilal al-Qur'an
یہاں تک کہ (اِسی فکر میں) تم لبِ گور تک پہنچ جاتے ہو۔ 1
— Tafheem e Qur'an - Syed Abu Ali Maududi
[1]یعنی تم اپنی ساری عمر اِسی کوشش میں کھپا دیتے ہو اور مرتے دم تک یہ فکر تمہارا پیچھا نہیں چھوڑتی۔
یہاں تک کہ تم قبرستان جا پہنچے.[1]
— Maulana Muhammad Junagarhi
[1]اس کا مطلب ہے کہ حصول کثرت کے لئے محنت کرتے کرتے، تمہیں موت آگئی، اور تم قبروں میں جا پہنچے۔
یہاں تک کہ تم نے قبریں جا دیکھیں
— Fatah Muhammad Jalandhari
یہاں تک کہ تم قبروں کو پہنچ جاتے ہو۔
— بیان القرآن (ڈاکٹر اسرار احمد)
Yahan tak ke (isi fikr mei) tum lab-e-gaur tak pahunch jatey ho
— Abul Ala Maududi(Roman Urdu)
یہاں تک کہ تم قبروں میں جاپہنچے
— Maulana Wahiduddin Khan
Reading all of these ayaat together, there does seem to be some awareness, some knowing, in the dead. The people who have been buried are experiencing death, and all it means. We have no awareness of the existence in that realm. Nobody has returned from death to tell us how it was. Yet,
- the importance of the Prophet ﷺ 's prayer for the dead
- the significance of the Prophet ﷺ 's standing by the grave
- Allah ﷻ , the Fatir, is able to make the dead hear
- the kaafirs, who are in their graves, losing hope
If I were to draw a parallel with Surah Yusuf, then the setting in the prison seems to inform the situation. The prisoners are within the prison, and they are shown dreams. nobody else sees their dreams. Their dreams are their personal experience. Anybody else within or outside the prison cannot see their dreams. Each person has his own personal dream experience. Let's say, the dream is a mental experience, while the prison is a physical experience. So, the prison for the living can be likened to the grave for the dead. Then, perhaps, the true dreams of the living can be likened to the 'experience' of the dead in their graves. They are shown their future life.
In Surah Yusuf, ayaat 36 -41, the two prisoners relate their dream to their fellow-prisoner, Prophet Yusuf (Joseph), seeking an explanation. The explanation, according to the vision, is that one prisoner was going to be pardoned and saved, while the other was going to be crucified. And so it happened.
The one who was going to be pardoned and saved, went on to serve the King.
Ya Allah, pardon us, kindly save us, and accept us into Your Service, in the Hereafter, in the Gardens of Eternity.
As it is stated in the concluding ayaat of Surah al-Qamar:
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