what it means to have Iman,
The Cow (2:285)
ءَامَنَ ٱلرَّسُولُ بِمَآ أُنزِلَ إِلَيْهِ مِن رَّبِّهِۦ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَ ۚ كُلٌّ ءَامَنَ بِٱللَّهِ وَمَلَـٰٓئِكَتِهِۦ وَكُتُبِهِۦ وَرُسُلِهِۦ لَا نُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ أَحَدٍۢ مِّن رُّسُلِهِۦ ۚ وَقَالُوا۟ سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا ۖ غُفْرَانَكَ رَبَّنَا وَإِلَيْكَ ٱلْمَصِيرُ ٢٨٥
The Messenger has believed in what was revealed to him from his Lord, and [so have] the believers. All of them have believed in Allāh and His angels and His books and His messengers, [saying], "We make no distinction between any of His messengers." And they say, "We hear and we obey. [We seek] Your forgiveness, our Lord, and to You is the [final] destination."
— Saheeh International
ایمان لائے رسول ﷺ اس چیز پر جو نازل کی گئی ان کی جانب ان کے رب کی طرف سے اور مؤمنین بھی (ایمان لائے۔) یہ سب ایمان لائے اللہ پر اس کے فرشتوں پر اس کی کتابوں پر اور اس کے رسولوں پر (یہ کہتے ہیں کہ) ہم اللہ کے رسولوں میں کسی کے درمیان کوئی تفریق نہیں کرتے اور وہ کہتے ہیں کہ ہم نے سنا اور اطاعت کی پروردگار ! ہم تیری بخشش مانگتے ہیں اور تیری ہی جانب لوٹ جانا ہے۔
— بیان القرآن (ڈاکٹر اسرار احمد)
The Prophet ﷺ believed, and so did the believers...
The believers believe in the unseen, yes, but the Prophet ﷺ could see Gabriel (Jibreel عليه السلام) who was revealing The Quran to him.
So, what does it mean to have Iman? What does it mean to believe, to have faith?
Q2:285 is among the last few ayaat of The Quran. The last two ayaat are a comprehensive dua concluding with the phrase (Q2:286 ... اَنۡتَ مَوۡلٰٮنَا فَانۡصُرۡنَا عَلَى الۡقَوۡمِ الۡكٰفِرِيۡنَ), which, allow me to edit the translation, as I understand it: 'Thou art our Protector; Help us massively against all the disbelieving nations'.
And what is Amanat? How is it linked with Iman?
The Combined Forces (33:70-73)
يَـٰٓأَيُّهَا ٱلَّذِينَ ءَامَنُوا۟ ٱتَّقُوا۟ ٱللَّهَ وَقُولُوا۟ قَوْلًۭا سَدِيدًۭا ٧٠
يُصْلِحْ لَكُمْ أَعْمَـٰلَكُمْ وَيَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ ذُنُوبَكُمْ ۗ وَمَن يُطِعِ ٱللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُۥ فَقَدْ فَازَ فَوْزًا عَظِيمًا ٧١
إِنَّا عَرَضْنَا ٱلْأَمَانَةَ عَلَى ٱلسَّمَـٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ وَٱلْجِبَالِ فَأَبَيْنَ أَن يَحْمِلْنَهَا وَأَشْفَقْنَ مِنْهَا وَحَمَلَهَا ٱلْإِنسَـٰنُ ۖ إِنَّهُۥ كَانَ ظَلُومًۭا جَهُولًۭا ٧٢
لِّيُعَذِّبَ ٱللَّهُ ٱلْمُنَـٰفِقِينَ وَٱلْمُنَـٰفِقَـٰتِ وَٱلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَٱلْمُشْرِكَـٰتِ وَيَتُوبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَى ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنَـٰتِ ۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورًۭا رَّحِيمًۢا ٧٣
O you who have believed, fear Allāh and speak words of appropriate justice.
He will [then] amend for you your deeds and forgive you your sins. And whoever obeys Allāh and His Messenger has certainly attained a great attainment.
Indeed, We offered the Trust[1] to the heavens and the earth and the mountains, and they declined to bear it and feared it; but man [undertook to] bear it. Indeed, he was unjust and ignorant.[2]
[It[3] was] so that Allāh may punish the hypocrite men and hypocrite women and the men and women who associate others with Him and that Allāh may accept repentance from the believing men and believing women. And ever is Allāh Forgiving and Merciful.
— Saheeh International
[1]The acceptance of obligations and obedience to Allāh.
[2]Coveting its reward while forgetting the penalty for failure to keep his commitment.
[3]- The reason for which mankind was permitted to carry the Trust.
اے اہل ِایمان ! اللہ کا تقویٰ اختیار کرو اور بات کیا کرو سیدھی۔
اللہ تمہارے سارے اعمال درست کردے گا اور تمہاری خطائیں بخش دے گا۔ اور جو کوئی اللہ اور اس کے رسول ﷺ کی اطاعت پر کاربند ہوگیا تو اس نے بہت بڑی کامیابی حاصل کرلی۔
ہم نے اس امانت کو پیش کیا آسمانوں پر اور زمین پر اور پہاڑوں پر تو ان سب نے انکار کردیا اس کو اٹھانے سے اور وہ اس سے ڈر گئے اور انسان نے اسے اٹھا لیا۔ یقینا وہ بڑا ظالم اور بڑا نادان تھا۔
تا کہ اللہ عذاب دے منافق مردوں اور منافق عورتوں کو اور مشرک َمردوں اور مشرک عورتوں کو اور اللہ رحمت کے ساتھ توجہ فرمائے مومن مردوں اور مومن عورتوں پر اور یقینا اللہ بہت بخشنے والا نہایت رحم کرنے والا ہے۔
— بیان القرآن (ڈاکٹر اسرار احمد)
Amanat means something given for safekeeping for a limited time: a Trust, an item that needs to be kept and protected, and returned in proper condition when it is time to return it to the person who asked for it to be kept.
The Bible (Genesis 1) informs that Allah سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى created humans to rule over all the creatures of the Earth.
The Quran informs that the responsibility wasn't imposed, rather it was offered, and humans accepted it.
The Bible (Genesis 2) informs that Adam was to keep the Garden.
The Quran informs that Allah سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى appointed Adam as the Khalifa of the Earth.
Bani Adam have inherited that responsibility.
Both The Bible and The Quran describe the Fall of Adam, his banishment from The Garden of Eden, and his temporary trial upon Earth.
So, our belief (Iman) is that we have undertaken a Trust (Amanat).
What is that Trust (Amanat)? Why is this Trust (Amanat) mention at the end of Surah alAhzaab (The Combined Forces)? The Prophet ﷺ, and those who believed with him, fought many battles to establish Allah سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى 's Deen. They fought against the alAhzaab (The Combined Forces). Q33:20-22 mention alAhzaab. Prior nations, such as those of the Pharaoh, Thamud, etc., who had been warned and consequently destroyed, whom we find mentioned in The Quran, have also been described as alAhzaab.
Deen is Law of Recompense. All nations have a set of laws which their leaders decree, and by which they govern their people. Allah سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى is The King, greater than everyone. To Him belongs the kingdom of the Skies and Earth, and all in between.
We have all been granted a personal kingdom, which is our nafs and our body. Moreover, we also have a larger public role, depending on our placement in family and society. The higher the post, the broader the responsibility, the greater the amanat. The scope of the khilafat starts with the self, the family, the country, and ideally worldwide. Obviously, there will be resistance and opposition at all levels.
Islam means submission to Allah سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى 's Deen.
Iman means establishing Allah سُبْحَانَهُ وَتَعَالَى 's Deen? Taking care of the Amanat (Trust), ensuring safety and security? To build and enforce a morally upright society, which honours its commitments and undertakings?
On The Day of Judgement, The True King will recompense (Q1:3 مٰلِكِ يَوۡمِ الدِّيۡنِؕ) everyone, turning in Mercy towards the believing men and believing women (Q33:73 وَيَتُوبَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَى ٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَٱلْمُؤْمِنَـٰتِ ۗ وَكَانَ ٱللَّهُ غَفُورًۭا رَّحِيمًۢا).
Iman and Amanat share the same root word, and so do security, trustworthiness, safety, belief, faith, believing men, believing women: Searching in corpus.quran.com:
The triliteral root hamza mīm nūn (أ م ن) occurs 879 times in the Quran, in 17 derived forms:
20 times as the form I verb amina (أَمِنَ)
537 times as the form IV verb āmana (ءَامَنَ)
once as the form VIII verb u'tumina (ٱؤْتُمِنَ)
four times as the noun amānāt (أَمَٰنَٰت)
twice as the noun amānat (أَمَٰنَت)
five times as the noun amn (أَمْن)
twice as the noun amanat (أَمَنَة)
14 times as the adjective amīn (أَمِين)
once as the noun maman (مَأْمَن)
six times as the active participle āmin (ءَامِن)
10 times as the active participle āminīn (ءَامِنِين)
once as the active participle āminat (ءَامِنَة)
once as the passive participle mamūn (مَأْمُون)
45 times as the form IV verbal noun īmān (إِيمَٰن)
202 times as the form IV active participle mu'min (مُؤْمِن)
22 times as the form IV active participle mu'mināt (مُّؤْمِنَٰت)
six times as the form IV active participle mu'minat (مُّؤْمِنَة)
...
Also Read:
The Excellent Uswah in Prophet Muhammad ﷺ
Act(s) of Reform (عَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ and عَمِلَ صَالِحًا)
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